Keyboard Control For Superscript Mac

Feb 24, 2009  Hello, have you tried control command+'.This shortcut is displayed in menu and works for me. You can also add set shortcut for any main menu item by launching Preferences-Keyboard & Mouse-Keyboard Shortcuts, then hit plus button, choose application in which the shortcut should work, write exact name of the menu item and assign shortcut. In Microsoft Word: Shift-Clover-Plus. But that is specific to Word. There is no general shortcut across all or most apps, the way Clover-I is for Italic. In Safari, for example, Shift-Clover-Plus zooms in.

Tip sheet on special characters

This page will show users (of the Windows or Macintosh OS X operating systems), having a western european “standard” keyboard (showing the latin alphabet), how to generate other characters they might not see on the keyboard. For example a US keyboard will not show accented letters as used in French. A French keyboard will show accented letters common in French, but not accented letters used in Spanish. And so on… You can read the instructions below, or skip directly to the chart.

Special characters on Macintosh (Apple keyboards)

On MacOS, the option key functions as a modifier key like the shift key. Hold it down and press another key simultaneously. For shift+option, hold down both the shiftandoption keys and press the additional letter key simultaneously.

Special characters on Windows (PC keyboards)

On Windows, the Alt key functions as a modifier like the Shift key. To make special characters, hold down the Alt key and type in the numbers from the numeric keypad. Note that on some small keyboards (e.g. laptop keybaords) the “numeric keypad” is found by pressing the NumLock key and then looking for the keys on your keyboard that double as numeric keypad keys when in NumLock mode.

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Software to help you find special characters

Macintosh OS x

On Macintosh OS X, you can use the operating system’s character palette to find special characters. Press command+option+T to make the character palette window appear.

The character palette will also show up as a menu item in the keyboard menu if the keyboard menu is displayed in the top right of your menu bar. The keyboard menu shows as a flag corresponding to the currently active keyboard layout.

See Apple support document Enter special characters and symbols.

Windows

For Windows, use the Character Map application, available from the Start Menu (look in System Tools).

See Microsoft document Using special characters (Character Map): frequently asked questions.

Third-party software

(Note: I’m mentioning a useful little program because I use it at home on my Macintosh, and at work on a Windows machine; it helps you find a special character when you forget the key combination for it. Here’s how the author describes it:

If you don’t want to remember all these numbers, you should try the little shareware utility PopChar from ergonis software. One click, and PopChar displays a table of all characters of the current font. Select the desired character and it instantly appears in your document. You can also insert HTML symbols. PopChar is available for Macintosh OS X and Windows.)

Characters not listed on this page

For more HTML number codes, see Character entity references in HTML 4. For any characters not listed here, you can look at the Unicode character set, which is a whole subject in itself. Suffice it to say that any modern computer operating system and/or web browser can handle Unicode characters and Unicode documents: generating those characters is the tricky part.

Special character chart for western european characters

These characters can be entered via the keyboard in Macintosh OS X, or Windows (or both).

How to use this chart

You can use the html name or number codes in an HTML document (i.e. a webpage or an e-mail that uses HTML format.)

For Macintosh: press the keys as shown. for example “shift+option+w” means press down the shift key, the option key, and the w key all at the same time. “option+e E” means press down the option key and the e key at the same time, then press the E key (capital E).

Western european special characters and how to enter them from your keyboard

HTML Name Code	HTML Number Code	Glyph	MacOS	Windows	Description
†	†	†	option+t	Alt+0134	dagger
‡	‡	‡	shift+option+7	Alt+0135	double dagger
‰	‰	‰	shift+option+r	Alt+0137	per mill sign
‹	‹	‹	shift+option+3	Alt+0139	single left-pointing angle quote
‘	‘	‘	option+]	Alt+0145	left single quote
’	’	’	shift+option+]	Alt+0146	right single quote
“	“	“	option+[	Alt+0147	left double quote
”	”	”	shift+option+[	Alt+0148	right double quote
–	–	–	option+(hyphen)	Alt+0150	en dash
—	—	—	shift+option+(hyphen)	Alt+0151	em dash
™	™	™	option+2	Alt+0153	trademark sign
›	›	›	shift+option+4	Alt+0155	single right-pointing angle quote
 	 	option+(spacebar)	Alt+0160	nonbreaking space
¡	¡	¡	option+1	Alt+0161	inverted exclamation
¢	¢	¢	option+4	Alt+0162	cent sign
£	£	£	option+3	Alt+0163	pound sterling
¤	¤	¤	Alt+0164	general currency sign
¥	¥	¥	option+y	Alt+0165	yen sign
¦ or &brkbar;	¦	¦	Alt+0166	broken vertical bar
§	§	§	option+6	Alt+0167	section sign
¨ or ¨	¨	¨	shift+option+u	Alt+0168	umlaut
©	©	©	option+g	Alt+0169	copyright
ª	ª	ª	option+9	Alt+0170	feminine ordinal
«	«	«	option+	Alt+0171	left angle quote
¬	¬	¬	option+l	Alt+0172	not sign
­	­	­	Alt+0173	soft hyphen
®	®	®	option+r	Alt+0174	registered trademark
&macr; or &hibar;	&#175;	¯	shift+option+<	Alt+0175	macron accent
&deg;	&#176;	°	shift+option+8	Alt+0176	degree sign
&plusmn;	&#177;	±	shift+option+=	Alt+0177	plus or minus
&sup2;	&#178;	²	Alt+0178	superscript two
&sup3;	&#179;	³	Alt+0179	superscript three
&acute;	&#180;	´	shift+option+e	Alt+0180	acute accent
&micro;	&#181;	µ	option+m	Alt+0181	micro sign
&para;	&#182;	¶	option+7	Alt+0182	paragraph sign
&middot;	&#183;	·	shift+option+9	Alt+0183	middle dot
&cedil;	&#184;	¸	shift+option+z	Alt+0184	cedilla
&sup1;	&#185;	¹	Alt+0185	superscript one
&ordm;	&#186;	º	option+0	Alt+0186	masculine ordinal
&raquo;	&#187;	»	shift+option+	Alt+0187	right angle quote
&frac14;	&#188;	¼	Alt+0188	one-fourth
&frac12;	&#189;	½	Alt+0189	one-half
&frac34;	&#190;	¾	Alt+0190	three-fourths
&iquest;	&#191;	¿	shift+option+?	Alt+0191	inverted question mark
&Agrave;	&#192;	À	option+` A	Alt+0192	uppercase A, grave accent
&Aacute;	&#193;	Á	option+e A	Alt+0193	uppercase A, acute accent
&Acirc;	&#194;	Â	option+i A	Alt+0194	uppercase A, circumflex accent
&Atilde;	&#195;	Ã	option+n A	Alt+0195	uppercase A, tilde
&Auml;	&#196;	Ä	option+u A	Alt+0196	uppercase A, umlaut
&Aring;	&#197;	Å	shift+option+a	Alt+0197	uppercase A, ring
&AElig;	&#198;	Æ	shift+option+'	Alt+0198	uppercase AE
&Ccedil;	&#199;	Ç	shift+option+c	Alt+0199	uppercase C, cedilla
&Egrave;	&#200;	È	option+` E	Alt+0200	uppercase E, grave accent
&Eacute;	&#201;	É	option+e E	Alt+0201	uppercase E, acute accent
&Ecirc;	&#202;	Ê	option+i E	Alt+0202	uppercase E, circumflex accent
&Euml;	&#203;	Ë	option+u E	Alt+0203	uppercase E, umlaut
&Igrave;	&#204;	Ì	option+` I	Alt+0204	uppercase I, grave accent
&Iacute;	&#205;	Í	option+e I	Alt+0205	uppercase I, acute accent
&Icirc;	&#206;	Î	option+i I	Alt+0206	uppercase I, circumflex accent
&Iuml;	&#207;	Ï	option+u I	Alt+0207	uppercase I, umlaut
&ETH;	&#208;	Ð	Alt+0208	uppercase Eth, Icelandic
&Ntilde;	&#209;	Ñ	option+n N	Alt+0209	uppercase N, tilde
&Ograve;	&#210;	Ò	option+` O	Alt+0210	uppercase O, grave accent
&Oacute;	&#211;	Ó	option+e O	Alt+0211	uppercase O, acute accent
&Ocirc;	&#212;	Ô	option+i O	Alt+0212	uppercase O, circumflex accent
&Otilde;	&#213;	Õ	option+n O	Alt+0213	uppercase O, tilde
&Ouml;	&#214;	Ö	option+u O	Alt+0214	uppercase O, umlaut
&times;	&#215;	×	Alt+0215	multiplication sign
&Oslash;	&#216;	Ø	shift+option+o	Alt+0216	uppercase O, slash
&Ugrave;	&#217;	Ù	option+` U	Alt+0217	uppercase U, grave accent
&Uacute;	&#218;	Ú	option+e U	Alt+0218	uppercase U, acute accent
&Ucirc;	&#219;	Û	option+i U	Alt+0219	uppercase U, circumflex accent
&Uuml;	&#220;	Ü	option+u U	Alt+0220	uppercase U, umlaut
&Yacute;	&#221;	Ý	Alt+0221	uppercase Y, acute accent
&THORN;	&#222;	Þ	Alt+0222	uppercase THORN, Icelandic
&szlig;	&#223;	ß	option+s	Alt+0223	lowercase sharps, German
&agrave;	&#224;	à	option+` a	Alt+0224	lowercase a, grave accent
&aacute;	&#225;	á	option+e a	Alt+0225	lowercase a, acute accent
&acirc;	&#226;	â	option+i a	Alt+0226	lowercase a, circumflex accent
&atilde;	&#227;	ã	option+n a	Alt+0227	lowercase a, tilde
&auml;	&#228;	ä	option+u a	Alt+0228	lowercase a, umlaut
&aring;	&#229;	å	option+a	Alt+0229	lowercase a, ring
&aelig;	&#230;	æ	option+'	Alt+0230	lowercase ae
&ccedil;	&#231;	ç	option+c	Alt+0231	lowercase c, cedilla
&egrave;	&#232;	è	option+` e	Alt+0232	lowercase e, grave accent
&eacute;	&#233;	é	option+e e	Alt+0233	lowercase e, acute accent
&ecirc;	&#234;	ê	option+i e	Alt+0234	lowercase e, circumflex accent
&euml;	&#235;	ë	option+u e	Alt+0235	lowercase e, umlaut
&igrave;	&#236;	ì	option+` i	Alt+0236	lowercase i, grave accent
&iacute;	&#237;	í	option+e i	Alt+0237	lowercase i, acute accent
&icirc;	&#238;	î	option+i i	Alt+0238	lowercase i, circumflex accent
&iuml;	&#239;	ï	option+u i	Alt+0239	lowercase i, umlaut
&eth;	&#240;	ð	Alt+0240	lowercase eth, Icelandic
&ntilde;	&#241;	ñ	option+n n	Alt+0241	lowercase n, tilde
&ograve;	&#242;	ò	option+` o	Alt+0242	lowercase o, grave accent
&oacute;	&#243;	ó	option+e o	Alt+0243	lowercase o, acute accent
&ocirc;	&#244;	ô	option+i o	Alt+0244	lowercase o, circumflex accent
&otilde;	&#245;	õ	option+n o	Alt+0245	lowercase o, tilde
&ouml;	&#246;	ö	option+u o	Alt+0246	lowercase o, umlaut
&divide;	&#247;	÷	option+/	Alt+0247	division sign
&oslash;	&#248;	ø	option+o	Alt+0248	lowercase o, slash
&ugrave;	&#249;	ù	option+` u	Alt+0249	lowercase u, grave accent
&uacute;	&#250;	ú	option+e u	Alt+0250	lowercase u, acute accent
&ucirc;	&#251;	û	option+i u	Alt+0251	lowercase u, circumflex accent
&uuml;	&#252;	ü	option+u u	Alt+0252	lowercase u, umlaut
&yacute;	&#253;	ý	Alt+0253	lowercase y, acute accent
&thorn;	&#254;	þ	Alt+0254	lowercase thorn, Icelandic
&yuml;	&#255;	ÿ	option+u y	Alt+0255	lowercase y, umlaut
&OElig;	&#338;	Œ	shift+option+q	latin capital ligature OE
&oelig;	&#339;	œ	option+q	latin small ligature oe
&fnof;	&#402;	ƒ	option+f	latin small f with hook = function = florin
&circ;	&#710;	ˆ	shift+option+i	circumflex accent
&#711;	ˇ	shift+option+t	caron
&#729;	˙	option+h	dot above
&#730;	˚	option+k	ring above
&Omega;	&#937;	Ω	option+z	greek capital letter omega
&pi;	&#960;	π	option+p	greek small letter pi
&sbquo;	&#8218;	‚	shift+option+0	single low-9 quotation mark
&bdquo;	&#8222;	„	shift+option+w	double low-9 quotation mark
&bull;	&#8226;	•	option+8	bullet = black small circle
&hellip;	&#8230;	…	option+;	horizontal ellipsis
&frasl;	&#8260;	⁄	shit+option+1	fraction slash
&euro;	&#8364;	€	shit+option+2	euro sign
&part;	&#8706;	∂	option+d	partial differential
&#8710;	∆	option+j	increment
&prod;	&#8719;	∏	shift+option+p	n-ary product = product sign
&sum;	&#8721;	∑	option+w	n-ary summation
&radic;	&#8730;	√	option+v	square root = radical sign
&infin;	&#8734;	∞	option+5	infinity
&int;	&#8747;	∫	option+b	integral
&asymp;	&#8776;	≈	option+x	almost equal to = asymptotic to
&ne;	&#8800;	≠	option+=	not equal
&le;	&#8804;	≤	option+(comma)	less-than or equal to
&ge;	&#8805;	≥	option+(period)	greater-than or equal to
&null;	&#64257;	fi	shift+option+5	latin small ligature fi
&null;	&#64258;	fl	shift+option+6	latin small ligature fl

Other named HTML character entities

How to use this chart

You can use the html name or number codes in an HTML document (i.e. a webpage or an e-mail that uses HTML format.)

For Macintosh: press the keys as shown. for example “shift+option+w” means press down the shift key, the option key, and the w key all at the same time. “option+e E” means press down the option key and the e key at the same time, then press the E key (capital E).

Western european special characters and how to enter them from your keyboard

HTML Name Code	HTML Number Code	Glyph	MacOS	Windows	Description
♠	♠	♠	black spade suit
♣	♣	♣	black club suit
♥	♥	♥	black heart suit
♦	♦	♦	black diamond suit
‾	‾	‾	overline, = spacing overscore
←	←	←	leftward arrow
↑	↑	↑	upward arrow
→	→	→	rightward arrow
↓	↓	↓	downward arrow

If you need to raise characters above or lower them below the baseline, you can do it one of four ways. This is typically used in mathematical equations and chemical formulas. You can use the baseline adjustments in many apps, special superscript and subscript characters, commonly-recognized symbols, and the equation editor in Pages.

Check out 4 Ways To Type Superscript and Subscript On a Mac at YouTube for closed captioning and more options.

Video Transcript: So let's look at different ways that you could make text Superscript or Subscript. What are these? Well, if you don't know Superscript is when text is above the baseline. You usually use it in math. So you're going to say seven squared you'd have the 2 there raised up. Subscript is when it's down below. This sometimes is used in math as well. It's often used for equations and for other reasons. So this is superscript and this is subscript. Now how do you type these on a Mac. There are a variety of different ways.Here I am in TextEdit and I'm going to show you one of the most basic ways but it also takes a lot of steps and can be a little frustrating. Say I want to say something like seven squared. I would type 7 and then 2. The two is supposed to be the superscript. The squared part. Now I am using Rich Text formatting here in TextEdit. So it's not a plain text document. This is Rich Text. So I can stylize the text. If I go to Format, Font I can go to Baseline and there is the selection for Superscript and Subscript. So I can select Superscript. But I'm not done yet because all it does is raise the 2 up over the baseline. But it doesn't look really good because the two is still the same size as the seven. Usually Superscript and Subscript are smaller. So I'm going to want to select this and change the size. If I change it too much, like you'd think maybe going half would be just fine, then it doesn't look good. So maybe something about 75% looks pretty good there. The same thing for Subscript. If I wanted to make that subscript instead then instead of going to Font, Baseline, and Superscript I would do Subscript and put it down below.Now typically when you see in nicely typed set things superscript or subscript done this way it's also Bolded. So whether or not it's subscript or superscript bolding it kind of makes it look a little bit better. Then you may want to adjust and play with the font size a little bit. Sometimes you want to get it just so the number kind of lines up with the top there. So you have lots of different options, lots of different steps. There are other ways to do this as well.One way to do it is to use Special Characters. There are special characters for numbers that are superscript and subscript. So I'll type 7 but I'm going to get a special character the same way I would get any special character or emoji. I'm going do Control, Command, and Space to bring up the Character Selector. I'm going to use the Search field to search for superscript. You can see there's a bunch of numbers here and a few other things. A little tic mark, and n. That kind of thing. So let's use the 2 here and you can see it puts a 2 there. That's a special character. That's not the normal 2 that you type with the keyboard. It's aligned perfectly to the top. So this is a really great way to do it but you see you have a limited number of characters. So if you're doing a formula and you need to spell out a word or something or put like C or W or some other variable as the superscript then it's not going to work as well. But you can go and use these for say squaring a number. Notice that, of course, once I use this I get it there in my Frequently Used list at the top so it's a little bit easier to type. There's also subscript characters as well. So I can use the subscript 2 and you can see that it puts the 2 there below. Again, that's a separate character. These are two different characters and they are different than the number 2 that you are normally typing.So there's another way to do it using the caret symbol. The caret symbol looks like this ^. On an American keyboard it's Shift 6. The caret symbol doesn't look good. Here's what seven to the second power looks like 7^2. It doesn't look but it's far more functional. It's more functional because it's used in programs that do math. That could be something as simple as Spotlight. So I'm going to do Command Space to bring up Spotlight. If I do 7^2 it assumes I mean to the power of two and I get the correct answer. So when you're typing something in a program that's expecting a mathematical formula, it could be the graphing app or some other math app, using the caret symbol will get you that superscript when you're trying to do math. This is used so often that it's seen online in documents all over the place. So while this may look not as pretty you're going to see it a lot. Just do a search for math formulas online and you're going to come up with tons of websites that actually just put seven squared as that. So once you start seeing it all the time, of course, it doesn't look quite as bad. It's also great because if you're working in a plain text environment, say typing a plain text document or on some sort of system where you just don't have all these special characters then doing it this way will always work. You'll always be able to get it and most people that are looking at math will understand that the 2 is now superscript. It's now to the power of 2.But I also wanted to show you that because you can actually get superscript characters. Let's go to a full fledged word processor, Pages. Now in Pages you can do the same kind of things. You can highlight the 2. You can Format, Font, Baseline and choose Superscript. You can use those special characters as well. But you also have the ability to insert an Equation. This brings up a little Equation Editor that uses two of the standard formats for typing equations. So you're typing a special kind of code here to actually get a result.So if I type a number like 7, you can see here in the Preview below, it's going to put the number 7. If I want to type to the power of 2 I can type that caret symbol there and 2 and it understands and will translate this to 7 and then the superscript 2. In fact you can actually do more characters with this. Because what if I wanted to do 7 to the power of 23. Well, at first it looks like it doesn't work. I type a three and the three is below. But if you type curly brackets around something it groups them together. So then you can see I get 7 to the 23rd power.So I can also put characters in here, letters. So I can put 7 abc up there and then I get those characters together which I wouldn't be able to do with special characters very easily. If you wanted to do subscript you can do the underscore instead of caret and it puts in a subscript. So you can do something like this, which is a little more complex, do Insert and it inserts it. This isn't text. This is a special little element here. You can see I select it and it grabs it. It's almost like a little image. Then the great thing is I can Copy that and Paste that into apps that don't have the Insert Equation function.So I can go back to TextEdit here and I can Paste that in. It's not text. I can't select individual characters. It's like an image but it works. I can go, say, into Mail where there's no Insert Equation there either. But I can Paste that into a Mail message and it pastes in a little image there. So you can do complex math formulas with superscript and subscript in other apps as long as you start in a place like Pages where you can type in those special equations.